Well, for some reason, mankind prefers its heroes to be noble in all regards which is unrealistic given human nature.NapLajoieonSteroids wrote: ↑Thu Aug 27, 2020 3:12 am The whole heroic science-man myth should be buried alongside creationist whining.
Some historians of science now hold the view that Newton was making a sarcastic reference to his contemporary and rival, the polymath Robert Hooke, who was known to be rather short in stature.If I have seen further it is by standing on the shoulders of Giants.
~ Newton
I would be interested in references to these descriptions.NapLajoieonSteroids wrote: ↑Thu Aug 27, 2020 3:12 am Galileo was a vainglorious jack@ss and self-promoter who needlessly antagonized people with little rhyme or reason and ultimately couldn't prove sh!t when he was called on his bluffs.
Riccoli was a thousand percent right that without the coriolis effect and an answer for star sizes, heliocentrism didn't seem feasible with what was known then. And team Galileo's response was to claim they read scripture better and the giant stars were actual warriors guarding heaven. What great scientific champions.
Galileo was the first guy on the block with a new toy and made the most of it-- including promoting and jealously guarding his discoveries through PR and the law (a few of them kinda dodgy) who wasn't satisfied with just being the telecope guy. He wanted to be the scripture guy too, and the cosmologist, and the authority on a host of things which were beyond his grasp.
The progress of science is anything but linear - the standard presentation in textbooks.
Galileo probably jumped the gun with regards to his assertions of heliocentrism without collecting sufficient evidence and ended up antagonizing the powerful of the time. However, he was proven to be correct.
Galileo was driven, competitive, and ambitious with all that that entails.
Galileo also used his telescope to discover the moons of Jupiter - now known as the Galilean moons. They were the first objects found to orbit a planet other than the Earth.
While Galileo is best known for his telescope, promoting heliocentrism, and his conflicts with the authorities of the time, Galileo's actual or thought experiment on the motion of free falling objects in an gravitational field was a remarkable insight that is one of the foundations of physics. A complete explanation was finally achieved by Einstein in his general theory of relativity in 1915.
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There are plenty of incidents wherein the scientific consensus of the time was wrong and progress was made by the outliers.
At the beginning of the 20th century there was a raging debate as to whether matter was continuous and infinitely divisible or composed of discrete particles - atoms and molecules. The scientific consensus was that matter is continuous. The outlier was Boltzmann who showed that one could derive the bulk thermodynamic properties of matter from the large number statistical properties of atoms and molecules. He explained the 2nd law of thermodynamics in terms of what is today known as statistical mechanics. Einstein's explanation of Brownian motion in terms of the statistical properties of matter provided the evidence required for matter as atoms, put an end to the debate, and proved Boltzmann correct.
A tragic example is that of Ignác Semmelweis who observed a correlation between antiseptic practices in maternity wards and the decrease in the incidence puerperal fever in mothers after childbirth.
Despite various publications of results where hand washing [with clorinated lime solution] reduced mortality to below 1%, Semmelweis's observations conflicted with the established scientific and medical opinions [the consensus] of the time and his ideas were rejected by the medical community. He could offer no acceptable scientific explanation for his findings, and some doctors were offended at the suggestion that they should wash their hands and mocked him for it. In 1865, the increasingly outspoken Semmelweis supposedly suffered a nervous breakdown and was committed to an asylum by his colleagues. He died 14 days later after being beaten by the guards, from a gangrenous wound on his right hand which might have been caused by the beating. Semmelweis's practice earned widespread acceptance only years after his death, when Louis Pasteur confirmed the germ theory, and Joseph Lister, acting on the French microbiologist's research, practised and operated using hygienic methods, with great success.